Telegraphy.



I. KITSEE.

TBLEGRAPHY. APPLICATION FILED JULY 9,1906.

Patented June 28, 1910.

amen tor UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ISIDOR KITSEE, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TOWILLIAM J'. LATTA, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

TELEGRAPHY.

T 0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IsIDoR Krrsnn, citizen of the United States,residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tolegraphy, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an improvement in telegraphy and has morespecial reference to telegraphy on lines with great capacity, such forinstance as submarine cables. I have in Letters Patent No. 823,176described the method of receiving readable characters with the aid oftrue reversals and illustrated the recorded characters.

In practice, I have found that cases may arise where it is advantageousto send for the clearing current an impulse of an electro-motive forceless than the electro-motive force which symbolizes the characters orspaces; and cases arise where the timeperiod between one character andthe character following is so short that the recording device is notable to produce a connected line.

In experiments made over a submarine cable, it was found that in cases,as outlined above, the record does not present a continuous line, butthe marks representing the characters and spaces are disconnected fromeach other and the clearing lines are fainter and consist of series ofirregular dots. The characters forming the alphabet are above theimaginary zero line, the characters forming the spaces are partiallybelow and partially at the zero line and the characters symbolizing theclearing are all below the imaginary zero line. To make readable andproduce a somewhat even record, it is best to have recourse to sourcesof current oppositely connected in the line, one source of a somewhathigher potential than the other and then to shunt one of said sources.It is also preferred to have between the sources or near the same astatic device, such as a condenser, so as to automatically limit theduration of the impulse produced either by a key manually operated or byan automatic transmitting device, but the above preferred arrangement isnot necessary for the production of this Specification of LettersPatent.

Application filed July 9, 1906.

Patented June 28, 1910. Serial No. 225,324.

alphabet, as the usual arrangement of telegraphing with the double keywill also produce the transmitting effect.

In the drawing, I have illustrated in Figure 1, a diagrammatic view of apart of an alphabet in accordance with this my invention, and in Fig. 2a diagrammatic view of the usual arrangement of transmitting impulsesover the cable.

In Fig. l, 1 is the tape on which the charactors are recorded; 2, arethe marks symbolizing the characters of the alphabet; 3, are the markssymbolizing the spaces; and 4, are the marks indicating the clearingrecord. In this figure, I have illustrated the characters asrepresenting the three letters of the alphabet A, B, and 0, Continentalcode, and I have illustrated this code in the usual dots and dashes. Itis obvious, that in practical telegraphing, especially if a great speedshould be attained, the characters are of smaller dimensions thanillustrated.

In Fig. 2, 5 is the cable and 6 is the transmitting device.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a telegraphic alphabet three elements, one element symbolizing thecharacter of the message, said element consisting of heavy lines abovean imaginary zero line, a second element symbolizing the spaceconsisting of a heavy line partially below and partially at the zeroline and a third element comprising unconnected lines below an imaginaryzero line.

2. A record for telegraphic messages comprising a short curve for onecharacter of the message, a long diagonal line for the second characterof the message, both above an imaginary zero line, comprising also acurve or diagonal line partially below and partially at the zero linesymbolizing space and comprising unconnected short lines below the zeroline symbolizing the clearing impulse.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ISIDOR KITSEE.

WVitnesses ALvAH RITTnNHoUsn, MARY C. SMITH.

